APRS is a digital data protocol for transmitting realtime data that can include Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates, non-directional beacons, weather station telemetry, text messages, announcements, queries, and other telemetry. APRS data can be displayed on a map, which can show stations, objects, tracks of moving objects, weather stations, search and rescue data, and direction finding data. See also Meshtastic.
In the UK, the APRS frequency is 144.800 while the US uses 144.390. APRS packets are transmitted for all other stations to hear and use. Packet repeaters, called digipeaters, then store and retransmit packets. All stations operate on the same radio frequency, and packets move from digipeater to digipeater. All stations within radio range of each digipeater receive the packet. At each digipeater, the packet path is changed. The packet will be repeated through only a certain number of digipeaters depending upon what 'PATH' setting is configured. Digipeaters keep track of the packets they forward for a period of time, thus preventing duplicate packets from being retransmitted. This keeps packets from circulating in endless loops around the network. Eventually, most packets are heard by an APRS Internet Gateway, called an IGate, and the packets are routed on to the Internet APRS backbone (where duplicate packets heard by other IGates are discarded) for display or analysis by other users connected to an APRS-IS server, or on a web site designed for the purpose. APRS stations can be seen on a map at https://aprs.fi
Bob Bruninga, a senior research engineer at the United States Naval Academy, implemented the ancestor of APRS in 1982. This early version was used to map high frequency Navy position reports. The name of the protocol was derived from Bob's callsign, WB4APR.
As GPS technology became more widely available, "Position" was replaced with "Packet" to better describe the more generic capabilities of the system and to emphasise its uses beyond mere position reporting.
Bruninga has also stated that APRS was not meant to be a vehicle position tracking system, and can be interpreted rather as "Automatic Presence Reporting System".